Sunday, September 29, 2013

How did we get so big so fast?

Watch the NPR video below about population growth.



I think it is appropriate that the theme for Homecoming this week is decades.  So much progress has been made in science in the past 200 years.  In that same 200 years, the population of Earth has gone from 1 million people to over 7 million people.  Essentially, science is to blame for the exploding human population:  better medicine, better agriculture, better communication and increased technology.  Hopefully, the people at NPR are correct and the human population will plateau at about 10 million people.

For this week you have 2 choices.  Whatever option that you pick is due by Friday for 10 points.

1.  Population:  Discuss the video clip and exploding human population.  Do you think the Earth can really support 10 million people?  Are there areas of Earth already that are having difficulties in supporting their existing populations?  Give examples and support for your discussion.

2.  Decades theme:  Pick a significant scientific discovery since the 1800's.  Who made the discovery?  When?  What was the discovery and why was it significant?

82 comments:

  1. The analogy of our population to leaking cups of water really is very accurate. The real problem though, is when the world cup will overflow. For the last 200 years, we have exploded as a population, from not even 1 billion to 7 billion people living on earth. We are bound to keep growing, and the people at NPR think that we will stop growing at a population of around 10 billion. Personally, this may be hard for our planet to take. For an example, as humans, we rely on meat from other animals. Unfortunately, with a population of billion people, we might make some of these species we harvest food and energy from extinct. With one species, unfortunately, we could end up dragging down hundreds of ecosystems faster than they can regrow. Also, with 10 billion people becomes the need for 10 billion spaces for these people to live. Where, in a place where they can survive, would these people go? Population densities are huge already, especially in certain countries in Asia. Unlike last weeks article, there is no way to control this growing population. It may be a gradual growth, but we cannot stop our kind from reproducing and thriving. Although certain areas may have trouble supporting life, such as third world countries, reproduction and life will not cease no matter how hard we try, and as a human race, we will find a way to adapt. We have helped the population grow this far, and therefore can definitely find a way to make 10 billion work without an 'overflow'.

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    1. One example of that could be the poor people in the U.S having more children for more health care benefits (I'm not a genius about healthcare but I did a little research and this seems legit...please correct me if i'm wrong.)

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  2. 2. Decades theme:
    The discovery of the x-ray by Wilhelm Rontgen was a huge scientific victory. The discovery was made in 1895. This discovery was significant because doctors could now see inside humans, giving them a better diagnosis for their patients. The doctors could now also see exactly where the problem was inside humans, and see if it is spreading throughout the body.

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  3. Decades Theme
    There have been many scientific discoveries since the 1800’s. In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. He created a means of both transmitting and receiving frequencies at the same time, thus voice transmission was made possible. The invention of the telephone was very important because of several reasons. It was a major breakthrough; it led to a different kind of communication between human beings. Also, it provided a fast communication mode for both private and business use. The telephone also reduced the distance between people; they were able to communicate with someone that was far away from you.

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    1. I agree I think the telephone was a HUGE discovery. Telephones have made life so much easier being able to communicate with the simple press of a few buttons. BUT I also think smart phones are kind of taking over our generation we can get information really fast just by looking it up on our phones, but way back when cell phones didn't exist people would have to wait for mail and by then it would be old news. Our generation depends on our phones to do everything for us and I think that is really going to affect the human race. For example, we went from physically looking through a book and searching and searching through useless facts until we found one specific answer to having the answer at our fingertips in a fraction of a second.

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  4. Our world currently is facing harsh usage and overpopulation, and it does seem quite ridiculous that we have this many people. Yes war and famine do reduce the amount of people quite largely but the population is increasing so fast and the medicine we are producing is so effective that the deaths can't keep up with the people being born. Already we are rushing to abuse resources and that has proven to not be very beneficial for Earth. If we do reach ten million, our resources will surely die out and we will have a harsh drop in the population, effectively permanently resetting us to low numbers as the survivors and best prepared humans fend for themselves with whatever they have. This apocalypse of sorts will be probably the result of a human greed and not realizing that we are damaging our environment so bad that it an not be repaired with just a few activists. In order for our world to continue on with the high population that it has we have to make changes, changes that, simply put, nobody wants to make.

    - David Eaton

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    1. I see your point, but there are unexpected occurrences such as the genocide in world war two that wiped out about, roughly 72 million people. As well as the black plague in the 14th century, which deceased over 20 million people. These deaths are a contradiction to the ever growing population, it breaks the seal a bit on the bottom of the glass.

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  5. The first successful heart transplant ever performed was completed on Dec. 3, 1967, by Dr. Christiaan (and that's not a typo, it's his name) Barnard. Although the patient died 18 days later from complications, the heart still functioned and the operation is considered to be a success. It is very difficult but not impossible to find a heart donor nowadays. Heart transplants are for people who are born with unsurvivable heart defects, have severe angina, abnormal heartbeats that cannot be treated another way, or for patients going through severe heart failure.

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  6. I enjoyed watching this video because it seemed very accurate and i liked how they showed the exploding human population through colored glasses of water.
    At this point in time there are about 7 million people on earth, but by the end of the century, there will be over 10 million which is a lot. Especially considering the parts of the world such as Asia, India and China where they are already struggling with their numbers of population. For example, In china there is a one child policy which states that one family can only have one child or else their taxes get raised extraordinarily high. This is because there are already too many people in that area, and they limit a family to one child so they can reduce their population numbers. But in places such as North America, South America and Europe, there are a little bit less people. So i think that if we were to be able to support 10 million people, then the increased amount of people shouldn't go to Asia, Australia and Africa but instead go to the places with less, because there are already too many people there and there wouldn't be enough resources there for survival. In order to have 10 million people on this earth it really does come down to how well we manage our food, water, and energy, because without those we wouldn't be able to survive.

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  7. 1.) Population

    Based on Adam Cole's clip, there is no doubt that the world's population is expanding, and fast at that! Within 200 years our world was able to increase from 1 billion, to 7 billion people as of 2011, and it is still soaring! It may be true that due to both the increase in agriculture and medicine that there are fewer deaths, though these resources will not flourish forever. With over 7 billion people already inhabiting Earth, it is unlikely that we will be able to successfully support 10 billion people in the future. In Asia, specific countries such as China and Japan are already having enough trouble supporting their existing populations. In China, there is a policy where families can only have one child. Because of being fined with extremely high taxes, it is unlikely for two or more children to be in the same household. In addition, because of China's One-child policy, there is less garbage and crowding within the streets. As for Japan, they have met up with the same crisis. Due to their limited land, they have to cope with the space provided, and with large cities such as Osaka, buildings and people tend to get very crowded; in fact, there are so many structures and citizens it is extremely expensive to even live in the city! Because of space, there are low guarantees on finding parking spaces, or even being able to afford certain luxuries such as hotels. Based on how major countries are dealing with 2013's existing population, if more people enter the world, both China and Japan would turn to chaos. There are already enough houses stacked on one another in addition to stipulations and lack of personal space. Truthfully, what we need to do is slow down, and try to take care of what we already have on Earth. Many things can happen within a few years, and with how fast the world has already grown? We must take charge and control the current issues that we have in the world. Otherwise, we may just end up throwing ourselves into something we may not recover from.

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  8. 2. Decades theme
    A very important discovery was penicillin. Alexandra Fleming is credited with the discovery in 1928. He was not the first to experiment with it many scientists experimeted in the late 1800’s. Though he is credited with the discovery, Howard Florey is the one credited for its use as medicine. This is a very important discovery because it was one of the first drugs that was effective against previously serious diseases.

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    1. I also agree that penicillin is a very important discovery, without it today, I dont know what we would do!

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  9. 2. Decades Theme
    Alexander Bell invented the communicating device, the telephone in 1876. It helped people o speak to one another without having to write a letter or see them in person. It made everything so much more convenient for the human race. A significant change it also made was being able to warn or notify a loved one when a storm was coming, or tell them the news on what had happened. With the telephone, news traveled quicker and kept more people aware of what to watch out for.

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  10. Im not sure if the earth can support 10 billion people. There are still some places that are not very populated but those places have very harsh conditions and living there might be difficult. Also, some places are already having difficulty with the number of people they have now. China has a very high population, and honestly i would not like to live there.i think America and Europe could handle an increase in population but im not so sure about countries such as Africa. I think our world could handle 9 billion people but 10 seems a little bit high.

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    1. i agree that some of the less inhabited places have harsh conditions but the other option is living in a whole world like china with people every where you look. so i think humans could get used to living in harsh conditions so that they are not really crowded.

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  11. I think the world can defiantly support 10 million because there are many places that are just being discovered like ocean depths and outer space. Also new place are always being formed especially in the Hawaii islands where new islands are made all the time. Also there are places where there is almost no people living if we want to have room for 10 million people then some people will have to move to less desirable locations like Alaska or the Dakotas or Montana or even Antarctica. I don't think space is the I think the other problem is food but again we can use some of the area in the places mentioned before for farming to make more food. So in my opinion I think we might even be able to go more than 10 million.

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  12. In 1932 James Chadwick discovered the neutron. The importance of a neutron is to help measure the atomic number and masses of elements. Along with protons, neutrons make up the nucleus of an atom and have a negative charge. To discover the atom James had to distinguish why the gamma rays are giving a stonger signal than the proton due to a larger mass. He later figured out that the neutron was the last piece to an atom

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  13. I loved the comparison of our world population acting like a glass of water. But the fact that we will reach 10 billion people by the end of the century is actually quite scary. It's scary because i don't think that earth has enough resources and space for that many people. I think we will have trouble with this because even right now in Africa people are starving and getting diseases with only 7 billion people. How do you think it will be with 10? On the other side, there are a lot of areas that are not in high population so we can focus on getting those who need it space to live. Although overall, i don't think that the earths resources will hold out for as many as 10 billion people

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  14. I think That the max amount of people on Earth would be between 9 billion and 10 billion. I think this because there will be a lot of fighting over supplies once we go over 9 billion. Also it will be cramped once we reach 9 billion so diseases would spread faster. These are a few factors that will keep the population from going over 9 billion. I also agree with Will on the fact that China can't handle more people and that only a few continents can really support more people.

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  15. I do think the earth can support 10 billion people. I'm not sure about how many more after that. I feel the video made a good point by saying, "can the world hold that many people?" I don't think it can. I think this because, we are already at 7 billion people today, and we already have areas of the world suffering from it. In china, you are only allowed to have one child. Just think about How it's going to be once our numbers reach that 10 billion point. Soon the whole world might have a child limit! I do think we can reach 10 billion people. But it's what the government might do once we reach that point that is the scary part.

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  16. The image of the glasses representing the populations around the world was a very creative way to look at it. Right now, in places such as China and Japan, the people are struggling to survive. They are living on top of each other, both literally and figuratively. Although some countries are in this unfortunate situation, there are other areas with miles of land just waiting to be occupied. This is why I believe that the world can in fact hold 10 billion people. If there was a way to evenly distribute people all across the world, allowing each person as much space as the next, there would be no problem in doing so. As long as everyone agrees to use our resources wisely and treat our environment with respect, I believe the Earth can definitely support 10 billion people.

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    1. I agree with you that the world should be more evenly distributed. If the world ever reaches 10 billion people, and everyone gets the same amount of resources, then humans could definitely survive, even if it means living off of the bare minimum.

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  17. I do not think the Earth can hold 10 billion people. We are having enough troubles with 7 billion. There is plenty of land on Earth to hold 10 billion people, but then again a lot of it is inhabitable. The water glass was a great representation of the population, especially because it levels off at the top. An example is China. You are only allowed to have one kid in China because the population is too big. I think at 10 billion, it will become steady, but still very crowded. If people were to spread out, it would be easier.

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  18. Using the glasses was a great way to represent population growth. It really helped me get a visual as to what has happened to the human population size in the past two centuries. It's incredible that the human population has grown so much in so little time. Currently, there are people who are living in luxury and carelessly taking advantage of resources, while others would do anything for a scrap of food. There are some who have acres and acres of land to live on, while others have a cramped couple of square feet. It would be best if there was an even distribution of resources, but that won't be the case. There will always be people with more money and more greed, and they will thrive while others will be miserable and cramped. We are slowly taking over the world and stealing resources from other organisms-- for instance, the rainforest. Cutting down the trees causes the decline of many populations, but not our own. Perhaps our earth can support 10 billion humans, but would that come with the cost of the extinction of other animals? For the sake of the environment and humanity, we best hope that our population growth plateaus at 10 billion and doesn't go any further.

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  19. My invention was Refrigeration. The date of this invention is arguable because there are different people who take some sort of claim even Albert Einstein had something to do with it. but in 1879 Carl von Linde made the modern kitchen unit we use today. This was important because it allowed us to preserve food to use for longer.

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  20. In 1846 William Morton discovered anesthesia. This was important because now people could have surgery or other procedures done without feeling pain or distress that they would have felt without anesthesia. The effects of anesthesia can be administered by just one pill or a combination of multiple pills.

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  21. I don't believe that the earth can support 10 billion people. We're starting to run out of room today and we're only at 7 billion people, imagine life with 3 billion more! For example, India has a huge population problem. In 10 years India added more than 130 million people to the world. About 76% of residents live on only $2 a day. India is going to over run China if their population doesn't reach it's carrying capacity soon. Overall, I don't believe the earth can support 10 billion people.

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  22. Decades theme. Since 1800 there have been many discoveries that have changed the world in many ways. One discovery was by Alexander Fleming in 1928. He discovered a new medicine called penicillin. This was the first antibiotic that he grew in a lab with mold and fungi. We all get sick once in awhile and never think of it as something that is really serious or could really harm us. that is only because of this discovery. Without this discovery there would be no medicine to kill the bacteria and keep you healthy and sicknesses like strep throat could be deadly. This discovery made earth much better in the medical world and was probably one of the most important discoveries of medicine.

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    1. Today, humans have a Type I Survivorship Curve. I am sure this would not be the case without penicillin. Can you imagine getting sick and fearing for your life? Odds are we could already be dead right now. However, cancer remains nearly incurable. It'll be a wonderful discovery when that solution is identified.

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  23. Decades Theme-
    In the year of 1959, the three point seatbelt was invented by Nils Bohlin. Though it wasn't the first modern seat belt, it was the first three point seat belt. This discovery is very important in the lives then and now. The seatbelt has saved over 600 million lives. It saves lives all the time. without seat belts, I guarantee that the cars wont be as safe as they are today and that more deaths will be caused if there were no seat belts. I hear all the time that lives are saved by seat belts. Its not illegal to not save a seat belt now. They can save your life, even if your not expecting it. That is why this is one important discovery, the three point seatbelt. Because it has saved lives of many, and maybe even your own life.

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  24. I do believe that we can reach a stable 10 billion people. As the world is now there is plenty of space and we are 70% there. Once we reach that large amount of people i believe that we we either stop at the carrying capacity of 10 billion or we will lose people by faster spreading diseases in these packed countries. Diseases spread rapidly as it is now. Adding another 3 billion people and adding them to countries already in poverty will just make it worse creating less food and water options, spreading diseases faster, and a lot less high demand items/necessities. The water glasses were a great comparison to our population growth because just like humans the glass will fill up to the carrying capacity and either over flow and end up losing people or just more mortality than natality. Places like Africa have water issues already and have little medicine more people would just make it worse, but we can still manage to get 10 billion.

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  25. Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876. It helped everyone commutate to others that live in different areas. It made it a lot easier for everything. A significant change is that it was easier to notify loved ones and spread news around. The telephone was very important and it is also very important to our lives today.

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  26. I thought the way this video showed human population throughout the world was incredible. As showed in this clip, there are already some over populated areas around the world. Such as China, Japan, and India. The people of those countries are already struggling on little money. I think that could be very hard to hold millions of more people. But, it's not impossible. If we have been holding 7 million people for a while now, of course we can hold 3 billion more. There is so much land through the world waiting to become a family's new home. To make this work, there does need to be a more even distributive amount of people throughout the world. As in not much more people can live in Asia. But there are so many other places anyone could live. With all the research and technology we have today, I'm sure we will be able to break 10 billion people without a sweat.

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  27. One of the most important discoveries in science has to be the discovery of DNA. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It was discovered in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick. This discovery allows for doctors to better understand diseases and try and prevent cures. The discovery of DNA also lets us look at the chemical patterns for humans and other organisms.

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    1. I really like Robin's response and I agree that the discovery of DNA lead to more discoveries in the world of medicine-saving lives each and ever day.

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    2. I agree with Robin's response. The discovery of DNA lead to more discoveries in the world of medicine saving people each and every day.
      Once we have knowledge then we have the opportunity to make a difference.

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    3. One of the most significant discoveries made in history was made by Alexander Fleming. Fleming was a scientist living in Scotland in 1928 and he accidently discovered penicillin. Because of Fleming people today can be cured of diseases with just one shot or pill of penicillin. During World War Two, penicillin was used to treat injured soldiers and got them back on their feet to fight.
      Discovering penicillin was a stepping stone for other medicinal discoveries.

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    4. I agree with you when you say DNA is one of the most important discoveries in science. Without DNA, we wouldn't have all of the cures, and medicines we have today. WIthout this, humans would be dying at younger ages, and would not be able to live a full and healthy life.

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    5. A very important discovery is the x-ray, which was discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895. X-rays allow us a glimpse of the bones, and parts of our bodies that are not visible to the naked eye. With this discovery, we are able to mend bones, and see much more of our bodies and how they work. X-rays have developed over the years, branching out and giving us a better way to study the workings of not only our bodies, but other species bodies as well.

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  28. I believe that this planet will only be able to sustain about 10 or 11 billion people before over crowding and dwindling resources raise the mortality of our biosphere. When you look at such places like India or China, which both on their own house over a billion people, you will see basically what the whole earth might look like when it is forced to carry over 10 billion individuals. That being said it is evident that the earth can and will support 10 billion of us humans but we will not be able to have wide open expanses of property and instead we will be living in smaller areas so we all have enough room to live comfortably. With an equal distribution of space and enough resources i believe that this planet will be able to house 10 billion people for quite some time.

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  29. In 1928, Alexander Flemming accidentally discovered penicillin when he forgot to clean up his workstation before going on holiday. When he returned, he discovered that fungus had grown on the cultures he'd been looking at and that the bacteria perished in the vicinity of these cultures. At the time, however, the importance of Alexander Fleming's discovery was not known. Use of penicillin did not begin until the 1940's when Howard Florey and Ernst Chain isolated the active ingredient and developed a powdery form of the medicine, isolating and purifying it, helping us to use it as an antibiotic. For obvious reasons, penicillin was a very important discovery in science and medicine because it has helped to treat many diseases, and is used to fight bacterial infections.

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  30. During the first couple of seconds, I realized how well population growth was depicted. When they showed the glasses and the dripping of natality and mortality, it helped me understand how rapidly our world has grown. But , I do think that we can hold 10 billion people, though, not efficiently. People all over the world are already starving,homeless,diseased and struggling to stay on their feet. It's not the fact that we don't have enough food to support a bigger population, its the fact that not enough people have the amount of MONEY to support themselves. Places such as Africa and the poor parts of India are struggling with a numerous amount of things such as diseases, hunger and living environments. There's no doubt that we can support 10 billion people, but if we don't start dealing with the places struggling now, we wont be able to expand to that number. So, judging off of society right now, we will not be able to support 10 billion people.

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  31. the water-in-glass metaphor is a great way to represent the population growth occurring. Figuratively, our glass is filling up at an uncontrollable rate; far faster than the glass is dripping. So, what will happen when the water reaches the top of the glass? Our earth isn't filled with the amount of resources, as well as space to contain 10 million people. Eventually, we will run out the necessities of life, and earth will be swarmed with people. Currently, China is dramatically over packed with people. So much, that a law has been set that there can only be one child per family. Chinese towns are acting like a frantic ant colony, with people so compacted together and still increasing the population growth. Although there are areas with plentiful space to live in, do we really want to fill every open space of earth with people, buildings, and houses? With the increase in population, we are forced to demolish the beautiful sights around us to provide for the unnecessary amount of people. The world needs to find a way to slow down the "dripping." Sooner or later, we'll have water spilling out everywhere.

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  32. I do not think Earth can support 10 billion people. We have plenty of starving people now and adding more people to that equation won't end well. The more people we add to the equation the less food can go around. And as of right now scientists are already worry about how much water we use with 7 billion, 10 billion won't be pretty. I think we can do it, but I don't think it will be pretty. Food and water will have to be heavily monitored and distributed properly to have that many people in the world.

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  33. This may not be a discovery, but it sure was important. The cotton Gin was invented around the early 1790's by Eli Whitney. The cotton gin allowed farms to mechanically separate cotton seeds and fibers instead of having it done by hand, allowing more workers to be on the field picking cotton, and since there are more workers, production would also increase. This invention helped start the advancement of other farming tools. Which increases production, causeing there to be more food for.... (guess what?) MORE PEOPLE!!!!!!!!!!!

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  34. 1. Our population has exploded in the last 200 years, going quickly from just under one billion to over seven billion people. There are a lot of areas in Earth, specifically in areas of Asia like China and India, where the population is getting out of control. These countries are trying to curb their population by allowing families to have only one child. Their efforts are not without their own problems though. China is essentially running out of women because they value boys more than girls and are quick to adopt out girl babies. Despite this, I feel that if we preserve our resources and treat our planet with respect, we can successfully reach and support ten billion people. The problem arises when we grow to more than ten billion people, that is when resources like clean water, food, space, and energy will run out. However, if we are careful and conscientious people, we can save our resources for as long as possible.

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  35. Decades theme
    the important medical invention I chose is the rabies vaccine. the scientific name for that is a recombinant vaccine called V-RG. two people named Louis Pasteur and Emile Roux in 1885. this vaccine was taken from infected rabbits and the virus in the nerve tissue was weakened by drying it out from 5-10 days. over a 14 day period, you would only have to take about four doses. also, most kids/people are prone to it because it is a requirement to get the rabies vaccine shot in order for your kid to enroll in school. rabies is significant because in the early stages of rabies, it is hard to diagnose because it is often mistaken as the flu. Did you know that one case of rabies once lasted six years? wow! also, rabies means 'to rage'. that must be why people and animals seem to go crazy once diagnosed. rabies affected the population because most people that die from rabies are under the age of 15.

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  36. The new spin on the glass being half-full or half-empty by NPR was a powerful way of looking at the sudden exponential growth of the human population. Personally, I believe that it is possible for the earth to harbor ten million or more people, however, I don't believe that society will allow it. Finding space, water, food, and other density dependent limiting factors will be a challenge, but with the rate at which healthcare, agriculture, and science are advancing, we should be able to overcome these obstacles. The problem occurs when you look at the different levels of wealth, and the benefits that are experienced with each level. In poverty-stricken areas such as China most of the population is living in cramped quarters, with little or no room from neighbors. In contrast, somewhere like America, where certain areas of the country have acres of land before you see another house, would those living with an excess of space between another human be willing to trade that for living twenty feet apart from others? Even if half the country participated, where would we find land for our livestock to grow and reproduce? Where would we find fresh water? The only viable option would be to filter it from the oceans, but if we do that, where would we put our waste? If we dump our waste into the sea, then we'd have succeeded in exterminating a whole biome, just from the toxicity and amount of waste we would have to dump. The way I see it, there's no easy way to be able to host ten billion individuals on Earth - there are just too many limiting factors.

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  37. Population : If the earth can support 7 billion people, im sure it can support 10 as well. There is so much land that has been either unnoticed or undiscovered completely. We sure have the room but resources may be the only problem. China is definitely having issues on supporting their population. For example, China is one of the few countries that actually limit the birth of a woman to 1 per 2 parents. China also legally let parents have two babies if they have a girl the first time, because the country wants workers, not people.

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  38. The video clip described the outrageous growth in human population since the early 1800's. Since then, we have grown by 6 billion in a little over 200 years. The survival rate of humans has increased, as well as the age we have been able to live to because of the advancements in technology. UN experts predicted by the end of the century the human population would peak at 10 billion, and begin to level out. I believe this is due to the rising health problems in Asia and Africa. The quality of living in those countries is lowering with food shortages, and disease outbreaks. Slowly the Natality Rate will decrease and the Mortality rate will as well.These are the reasons the population is predicted to level out by 2100.

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  39. Human life has expanded so much in such a short time. If it gets to 10 million I do not think we will survive. First of all some areas of the planet are already over populated. I think we will start to run out of resources like food water and space. I wish this would not happen but if we stay having a high natality rate and a low mortality rate I think the world will over populate and we will not be able to survive.

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  40. Humans are having a lot more children than people that die. If we go at this rate, scientists believe we will reach 10 million people. If this happens I do not think we will survive. We will begin to run out of resources like food water and space. If the population continues to grow I think we will all slowly die off. India and other places like it are already struggling with space and food and we don't even have a population of 10 million yet.

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  41. An important discovery made in the 1800s was the invention of the telephone. it was invented in 1876 by Alexander Gram Bell. It was a very important discovery with out it then we probably wouldn't have cell phones and none of our technology would be the same.

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  42. 1) Population
    It is crazy to think that for thousands of years, the earth has maintained a population under one billion people. After all, population growth is exponential, which would explain why in 200 years, our population has increased by over six billion people. It's interesting that our population is expected to max out at ten billion people. This means that the density-dependent limiting factors on Earth are expected to come into effect soon such as lack of space or lack of food. Areas of the earth are, already, overpopulated and have difficulties supporting their large populations (China and India, for example). This does not mean that the earth could not support ten billion people. Personally, I think it could, but the question is, will it? Think about all of the open land in the unpopulated places in the world such as northern Greenland, northern Scandinavia , and Alaska. These places could be inhabited, but most people don't want to live in the cold areas of the world. This, as an effect, would cause problems because the overpopulated parts of the world would become even more populated with ten billion people.

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  43. First off, the video was very cool, yet extremely accurate at the same time. The way the beakers were filling with water, as a symbol of births, and draining, as a symbol of deaths, was genius. it gave an easy model of population growth over time. Also, the video was quite amusing to see the countries in the different beakers of colored water. However , on the other hand with decades, one significant scientific discovery made in 1895, by Wilhelm Roentgen, was the X-ray. with the use of electromagnetic waves in the x-rays we can now study the bone structures of organisms. Originally, it was used for general diagnosis, but later it helped develop other scientific discoveries related to health like radiography. Therefore, indicating that the x-ray was a significant discovery, that also helped create other ones too.

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  44. First off, the video was very cool, yet extremely accurate at the same time. The way the beakers were filling with water, as a symbol of births, and draining, as a symbol of deaths, was genius. it gave an easy model of population growth over time. Also, the video was quite amusing to see the countries in the different beakers of colored water. However, on the other hand with decades, one significant scientific discovery made in 1895, by Wilhelm Roentgen, was the X-ray. With the use of electromagnetic waves in the x-rays we can now study the bone structures of organisms. Originally, it was used for general diagnosis, but later it helped develop other scientific discoveries related to health like radiography. Therefore, indicating that the x-ray was a significant discovery that also helped create other ones too.

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  45. In my opinion, the electric light bulb is the most important discovery/invention since the 1800s. It was discovered by Thomas Edison in 1876. This discovery revolutionized the world. Without it, we would still be using candles to light up our houses. Also, the world would be less productive in that businesses would have to stop at nightfall simply because they couldn't see.

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  46. The scientific invention that i found interesting was the invention of x-rays. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered this in 1895. When he tested out his ideas on his wife, he could see her bones in her hands! This invention was extremely significant because now doctors can use x-rays to tell if a bone is broken and they can find where it is broken.

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  47. (1)Population:
    For the past two hundred years human population has increased in size immensely. This video is a fantastic visual aid to show where and how much the population is growing. I especially enjoyed watching when the cups were added together to show what would happen when human population reaches 10 billion. This made me wonder. How will Earth actually support 10 billion people, not to mention the other organism that call Earth their home too. Personally, I don’t think the Earth will be able to support 10 billion people because of dispersion. Human population is spread unevenly throughout the world. Some areas are overpopulated (clumped) and others are far apart (even). But if humans keep increasing and natality cancels out mortality instead of equaling mortality, then more areas will be clumped. There are already overpopulated areas such as China. 1.35 billion people live in China alone. Due to the population density individuals can only have/afford one child. If they do have more then one it will be extremely difficult to stay afloat financially. Also China is running out of space and food (density dependent). Pretty soon there will be no way to support the humans in China and many will have to pay the unfortunate consequences such as starvation and death. Our population is growing. If our human population doesn’t start leveling off, more and more individuals will not survive due to lack resources such as food, space and water.

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  48. Matthias Jakob Schleiden was a German man from the 19th century who made the discovery of plant cells; that is that plants are made up of cells. He discovered this in 1838 along with the nucleus inside each cell. This discovery is significant to our world because we understand the relationship the plant life on this earth has with the rest of the earth and how plants benefit out atmosphere.

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  49. In 1842 a group of dentists discovered that certain chemicals can be used as anesthetics, making it possible to perform surgery without pain. The earliest experiments with anesthetic agents — nitrous oxide (laughing gas) and sulfuric ether — are performed mainly by 19th-century dentists. this was a major discovery because it lets us preform life changing surgeries.

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  50. Invention: Perhaps one of the key scientific inventions of the 1800s was the x-ray. Invented in 1895, this iconic device gave creator Wilhelm Roentgen, a physician, credit for a large advancement in the medical world. This scientist was experimenting with electrical rays when by accident he realized the tube he had covered with black paper was casting a ray that glowed. When pointing the ray towards the screen he could make it the bone structure beneath his hands. Through other experiments Roentgen used photographic plates instead of a screen to create a clearer photo of the now visible bone structures. Due to his great accomplishment, humans could now have their bones "photographed" before having surgery, destroying the painful use of cutting into the skin before doctors could tell what exactly was wrong. Thanks to his accident, many humans and the medical world in general has benefitted.

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  51. 2. decades theme
    - One of the important scientific discoveries was anesthesia. You may not think that anesthesia is very important, but it is a piece of medicine that makes things so much easier. William Morton discovered anesthesia in 1846 and since then, it as been a significant part of medicine and the ideal basis of surgeries today. Morton went through many trials and errors before he found a gas that relieved the pain and gave temporary unconsciousness to his dentistry patients. With this new discovery, anesthesia has become a vital part with modern medicine as it is today and any medical procedure.

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  52. My important invention of the 19th century was the invention of the first electric light, the arc lamp. this inspired all the lights from new modern day light bulbs to stadium lights. This was made by Humphrey Davey. This invention is important because it helps people with work, doing things at/in night/dark places and started the portable lights.

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  53. In the the video clip it talked about population size and how there is many human births but not a lot of deaths. the video talked about there not being many deaths because medicine has gotten so good. I think the Earth can support 10 million people not well but people would be able to survive. I think this because the Earth is so big and there are many resources for people. Although there are areas in this earth that are having trouble supporting existing populations. An example is china they developed a law that you can only have one child. Population size is getting very big and people are starting to wonder weather or not there will be enough room for more people. I do believe people should have not as many children. The Earth needs the natality rate to equal the mortality rate to be able to have a stable environment.

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  54. The United States lost 15,520 people from its population in 1921 due to Diphtheria. Over 20% percent of the earth’s population that was under the age of five and over the age of forty died due to the illness. Diphtheria was referred to as the Plague among children at the time, and still to this day. The first vaccine for Diphtheria was created in 1923 by Emil von Behring, though Gaston Ramon and Alexander Thomas Glenny created the Diphtheria toxiod used in the vaccine. Yet, Diphtheria was still the third leading reason the mortality rate was still high in Wales and England in the 1930’s.
    As the years progressed onwards we have slowly overcame this and now today it is a simple part of our childhood. In the United States children have five shots for diphtheria before we turn six and also one booster. Children are given them with tetanus and pertussis, which is also known as DTP or DTaP. Adults get them mixed with a tetanus booster and is recommended to be taken every ten years. Now, adults can fight off tetanus and diphtheria.
    Overall, the years of development have led us to were we are today at approximately 7 billion people on the planet. This would not have happened if it were not for the vaccines created in the years prior to today’s date.
    A Not-So-Fun Fact:
    In 1925 there was a horrible diphtheria outbreak in Alaska that killed many people and you can say was a “race against time”. Due to this outbreak led to the now-famous Nenana-to-Nome, which is 674 miles long, dog sled run, delivering antitoxin to treat sick children.

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  55. A huge scientific breakthrough was the first blood transfusion. In 1907, the first successful blood transfusion was performed. It was done by using Karl Landsteiner's ABO blood typing technique. He found that when different blood types are mixed, they merely agglutinate. This causes major complications that could even make the problem worse than it already was. He correctly identified the three different blood types, A, B, AB, and O, and learned they should not be mixed in blood transfusions. This system was developed in 1901. This is all significant because there are numerous reasons why a patient would need a blood transfusion. Maybe they lost a lot of blood. Maybe their blood doesn't have enough of the healthy parts, for example plasma, to avoid clotting. Injury and disease both contribute to this. Because there are so many reasons blood needs to be transfused, it has literally saved hundreds of lives.

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  56. The MRI was first invented in 1969. It was invented by Dr. Damadian. This is important because it helped us find brain damage and things wrong with muscles or organs. This helped the human population increase because when we find something wrong we would be able to stop it before it got to the point where there is no hope. It helped us see things we weren't able to see before.

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  57. The video gave a great visual representation of just how fast our population is growing. It gave me a better understanding of what happens when we have medicines and food as an abundance in some parts of the world. However once the population increases to ten billion we would have a struggle to get these resources. Earth can barley hold onto the population we have now if that were to go to ten billion we would have so much to fight for just to live. Already there are some parts on earth that struggle everyday finding clean drinking water such as Southwest Asia, Africa, ect. I think they are more likely to hit their carrying capacity before other parts of the world like America. The video showed different continents in separate containers and they had different mortality and natality rates, this leads me to believe they can have many separate carrying capacity depending on the amount of resources they have and other limiting factors. When other continents hit their carrying capacity I think it could start intraspecies conflict for water. A lot of suffrage would come out of the fight for water and once we plateau there would be an enormous increase in death rates. I don't think earth will be able to support us in the sense that we all have the resources we need by the time we hit ten billion, there are some other limiting factors that prevent more people from getting the necessities of living. One of these would be how greedy we are, many people eat a lot more than they need to sustain themselves which is okay until we have such a large amount of people to feed that not everyone can have something to eat. Think about how much extra food we have in America that could actually feed two times the amount of the people that eat it, and think about how much we already throw away. I think we could barley pull off a population as big as ten billion, but there are some factors we just cant guess yet like behavioral patterns of humans, there's so much were just guessing at this point. Also technological and medicinal research has been so enhanced in a short time, even around 8 billion people we could further our carrying capacity to even fifty billion. There are so many factors that play into carrying capacity that its hard to tell what it really is, especially for us as we make more and more discoveries that help with everyday life than any other species. For now It's not clear what our carrying capacity will be.

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  58. After watching this video I noticed that I have not been noticing how high of a rate our population is growing. But scientist believe that our earth can hold 10 million people, when places all ready are having problems all around the world. In India, they are having a lot of problems due to their population such as lack of water, food, and even places to live. Other places in out world are having the same problem. So to answer your question, no, I don't believe that our world can support the lives of 10 million people. Our carrying capacity won't allow it.

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  59. This video surprised me on how fast the increase of natality has become in the last 200 years. I had no idea that 200 years ago there were only 1 billion humans. Now that there’s 7 billion, I don’t know how much more life can fit on Earth. It is truly amazing how far science has come to allow this to happen. Before long, we will start running out of resources if the population keeps growing. I’m afraid that countries will over through each other because of this. Running out of resources, they’ll have no other option. If population growth does not stop, I believe World War 3 could happen in the future.

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  60. I thought the different colored water in the glasses was a really great way of visually representing our population. It helped me understand the birth rate vs. death rate and how and why our population has skyrocketed due to our better understanding of medical science and agriculture. If our world were to hold 10 billion people I don’t think we would enjoy our lives as much as we do today. I predict there would be famine and war and disease. We wouldn’t have enough agricultural space because it would be used up for homes and cities. Our cities would be over populated and crowded. Even if we were able to manage with the new population I'm sure the environment and the wild animals would suffer greatly and many species would go extinct. Also, governments would have to work hard to fairly ration space and food to their people.
    One country this makes me think of is China. For years, China’s population has increased. Now they are so overpopulated they have to have strict laws against having two children. Many Chinese citizens live in poverty, crammed up together in overcrowded cities. They have a huge pollution problem, affecting the environment as well. Now imagine the whole world living like this. Planet earth might be able to support 10 billion people, but it would only be a short period of time before it would turn to chaos.

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  61. 2: decades theme.
    In 1928, a man by the name of Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin. Mr. Fleming was conducting an experiment with bacteria, and foolishly left the culture uncovered. Some mold, similar to bread mold, fell into the culture, which then killed most of the bacteria! This mold turned out to be penicillin. This is a huge feat for the medical community. Before the discovery of this drug, many people died of trivial injuries that had become infected and commonplace bacterial diseases. Now, after this drug became easily accessible to the public, the amount of deaths from seemingly small things has significantly lowered.

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  62. Option 1
    Our earth is not going to be able to support 10 billion people because we are going to run out of resources very quickly.Places like Guatemala and china already have a Population issue. The population is overflowing, and the disease is spreading too.

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  63. I believe that our Earth can support 10 billion people. I think this because we have a surplus of food, but if you can't afford it, you can't have it. I think that we need to figure out a way to divide the food equally so that no one goes hungry. I don't believe that many other factors will effect us if we level out as 10 billion. We have advanced ways to preserve our water supplies, and in America we have plenty of space. On the other hand, places like India are having problems with space. I think that if space was a big enough problem, we would start having to move to places with a lower population density such as Alaska and other places similar to the density of Alaska. Alaska is the largest state in the country, and has the 48th lowest population in the country. If it did come down to us having 10 billion people in the world, I believe that we would find a way to manage.

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  64. Decades Theme-
    In 1831, a scottish botanist named Robert Brown discovered the cell nucleus. He was studying flowers (orchids) at the time under a microscope when he saw a very dense and opaque area that later was called the nucleus. This is an important scientific discovery because it changed the way we look at all organisms. It also can help cure sicknesses because scientists can come up with ways to kill the unwanted cell's nucleus, thus killing the sickness cells.

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  65. This video showed a great representation of the population and how it is growing. It showed how natality is still increasing rapidly but mortality is slowing down because of medicines and other medical improvements.I think we could fit room for 10 billion people on earth but the living conditions probably wouldn't be ideal. There is already a lot of people on earth and adding more could add to the disaster we already have. Certain places like India and some of the big U.S cities are already pretty full with people and we would have to find a lot of new space for all of these people to live if Natality keeps increasing along with immigration. Too many people on earth could lead to a big disaster.

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  66. This video doesnt surprise me that much. New medicines are coming out making the amount of deaths decrease, also people are having more kids nowadays compared to the past. But if the amount of people on earth keep increasing at this rate and the worlds population reaches 10 billion, I don't think the world can hold all those people. For one, we already have kids starving in Africa that we are trying to keep alive. Add 3 more billion people to that, we have a problem. If the population keeps increasing as much as it is, i think we will run out of room for people to live in, and run out of food. But if that does happen, then more deaths will happen because of starvation and lack of living place.

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  67. Decades theme-
    In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev created the periodic table of elements. The periodic table of elements are all of the chemical elements organized by the atomic number, electron configurations and chemical properties.

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  68. Today there are less deaths because we have greatly advanced in medicine and agriculture. When a girl grows up she dreams of having children, now most women do and their children grow up to have their own children. Thus increasing the population of the whole entire world. If the world can support 10 million it would probably a brief ten million before people start dying terrible deaths. The world doesn't have enough resources to support 10 million with out a lot of the people living in poverty. India already have population issues outside of cites there are slums where people make their homes out of trash and may go days with out eating. In other areas of Asia you are allowed only one child to keep down children.

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  69. In the video the birth rate was represented by the drips at the top and the death were represented by the drips coming out of the bottom of the glass. Towards the end of the video, the drips were no longer drips, they were full on streams of water making the cup (population) fill up much faster. I think that the earth will not be able to hold 10 billion people, there are countries already dealing with this problem. China for example gives up most baby girls for adoption when they're born and allow families to only have two children.

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  70. I found how they represented the population with water and glasses very interesting. I also find it very interesting that population has almost spiked in the last 200 years because of better medicine and agriculture. I think Earth might be able to hold 10 billion people but that would be it's limit. Unless we found a way to "civilize" Antarctica so it meets humans needs. We could also make cities underwater, much like Atlantis. I'm sure it would be a lot of money and a lot of building time but there would be technology to do it when we get to 10 billion people. Although, China is having a problem with population. They have it so bad that a couple can only have one child and if they want another, they will be heavily fined. Also, most couples want a boy so the girls are put up for adoption and there are a lot more boys than girls in China.

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