In the video, there were several enzymes that were mentioned. (Hint: It might be important for you to know these enzymes for your quiz on Friday.) Your blog post for this week is to research another enzyme. With thousands of enzymes to choose from, this is not too difficult of an assignment. Start your post with the website where you found your enzyme (it cannot be one of the enzymes mentioned in this video and try not repeat enzymes that have been chosen by other students). Explain what the enzyme does, where it is found and why it is important. Post early to avoid having to look at all of the other videos that students have chosen.
Saturday, November 1, 2014
Enzymes in the morning, Enzymes all through the night
This week we will start our new unit on Enzymes, Digestion and Nutrition. It is one of my favorite units of the year. First watch the following video. It is only 4 minutes long.
In the video, there were several enzymes that were mentioned. (Hint: It might be important for you to know these enzymes for your quiz on Friday.) Your blog post for this week is to research another enzyme. With thousands of enzymes to choose from, this is not too difficult of an assignment. Start your post with the website where you found your enzyme (it cannot be one of the enzymes mentioned in this video and try not repeat enzymes that have been chosen by other students). Explain what the enzyme does, where it is found and why it is important. Post early to avoid having to look at all of the other videos that students have chosen.
In the video, there were several enzymes that were mentioned. (Hint: It might be important for you to know these enzymes for your quiz on Friday.) Your blog post for this week is to research another enzyme. With thousands of enzymes to choose from, this is not too difficult of an assignment. Start your post with the website where you found your enzyme (it cannot be one of the enzymes mentioned in this video and try not repeat enzymes that have been chosen by other students). Explain what the enzyme does, where it is found and why it is important. Post early to avoid having to look at all of the other videos that students have chosen.
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Lactase:
ReplyDeletehttp://www.livestrong.com/article/390563-what-are-the-functions-of-the-enzyme-lactase/
Lactase breaks down sugars in daily products. Foods we eat/drink on a daily basis like milk or cheese is where this enzyme comes in to break this down. Without lactase, it would be hard to get these sugars and have energy to function. Specifically, lactase breaks down lactose. Lactose is why it’s so important to have dairy products in your diet in order to get the calcium and protein, and with the help of lactase, it makes this possible to break this down for your body. Lactase works by breaking the sugar into glucose and galactose, otherwise, you body couldn’t digest it whole. This protein is found on the small intestine.
video up to 1:30https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4w-0qkYnjg
It seems to me that a lot of people today don't get enough of this enzyme. I know a lot of people suffering from dairy problems, which is due to the lack of this enzyme. Without it, our bones won't get the calcium they need to grow healthy and strong--eventually, this could lead to some serious health problems and possibly result in joint issues as we get older.
DeleteIt is interesting that without lactase it would be hard to get these sugars. Also, it is interesting that lactase breaks down lactose. Shreya, your post is really interesting. I never knew that lactase helps digestion too.
DeleteThis is a really cool enzyme that seems very important in people. I wonder if people who are lactose intolerant still has lactase? People sure need to get more of this to be healthy.
DeleteMy article:
ReplyDeletehttp://www.brighthub.com/science/genetics/articles/23296.aspx
For my enzyme I choose rennin, an enzyme that is located in stomach. Pepsin and rennin are the only two enzymes produced in the stomach. It is very important for many young mammals because it curdles milk, separating it into partially solid curds and whey. This allows the milk proteins to be digested properly. Without rennin, the milk would pass through the stomach too quickly to be digested, and many young mammals would be without a good source of food because they breastfeed and cannot yet eat solids. Rennin enzyme is also important in the food industry, especially in making cheese. Most of the rennin enzyme used in industrial cheese production is produced by genetic engineering methods because natural rennin is hard to make in great quantities.
Video for extra credit:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AFbPHlhI13g
http://www.livestrong.com/article/517512-digestive-importance-of-ptyalin/
ReplyDeletePtyalin is an enzyme that is part of your saliva and also helps with digestion. The enzyme helps to speed up the reactions that break down the food you eat. Before the food goes into your stomach, it begins to break down the food early, so it can help the digestion process go more fluently and efficiently which is way ptyalin is found in your mouth. Ptyalin helps the digestion process by breaking down starches and glycogens as soon as they enter your mouth. After the starches and glycogen are covered with saliva, they are broken down into maltose and glucose which are simple sugars that can be used more “readily” by the body. After the ptyalin speeds up the reaction that breaks down these molecules, it simply stops breaking those molecules down and starts breaking down a different set of molecules. Ptyalin can be used over again and again, and is what allows us to continue eating foods that contain things like starches and glycogen.
Here's a video I found about enzymes, nutrition and digestion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D0UaBBUFcus
Ptyalin reminds me of amylase, in the way that it is found in saliva and breaks down carbohydrates for you. It makes sense that the body can use simpler sugars more easily than complex ones, which showcases the importance of ptyalin.
Delete
ReplyDeletehttp://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/lipase
http://www.livestrong.com/article/410168-what-are-the-functions-of-lipase-enzymes/
Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down fats (specifically triglycerides) in dairy products, nuts, oils, and meat so that they can be easily absorbed and digested in the intestines. It breaks apart the molecules and distributes them. Lipase is produced in the pancreas, the mouth, and the stomach. Without enough of this enzyme, people couldn’t get the nutrients they need from the food above and, therefore, couldn’t maintain healthy nutrition levels. Also, without this enzyme, the processes they help would still occur, but would take much more time. They speed up the processing time, giving our body nutrients at a gradual pace.
Here’s a short video on how enzymes relate to digestion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KrpTJ0yvt_o
Your descripition of the enzyme lipase gave me a great overview. It allowed me to realize how important this particular enzyme is for breaking down fats and that we need a specific amount of this enzyme to function at the right speed.
DeleteThe enzyme that you researched reminded me of lipase and how they both break down fats. I found it interesting that is found in the pancreas, mouth and stomach when I thought it would only be found in the stomach area.
Deletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papain
ReplyDeleteI choose papain as my enzyme. It's found in eubacteria, yeast, protozoa, plants, and mammals. Papain contains over 345 amino acid residues, and is used to break peptide bonds. It's also used to study proteins, tenderize meat, clarify beer, and remove hair from hides before tanning. It's temperature range is about 60-70°C. Typically, it can be found in papaya, and a related enzyme, bromelain, is found in pineapples, which is why they are so acidic.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vAkk-440WDQ
I thought it was really interesting about your enzyme because it uses the process of Dehydration synthesis and I thought it was unique how we just learned about this in Chemistry, last unit. Not just that, but I thought it was extremely interesting how your enzyme can reach up to a very high temperature range.
Deletehttp://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/lipase
ReplyDeletehttp://www.livestrong.com/article/410168-what-are-the-functions-of-lipase-enzymes/
Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down fats (specifically triglycerides) in dairy products, nuts, oils, and meat so they can be easily absorbed and digested in the intestines. It breaks apart the molecules and distributes them. Lipase is produced in the pancreas, the mouth, and the stomach. Without enough of this enzyme, people couldn’t get the nutrients they need from the food above and, therefore, couldn’t maintain healthy nutrition levels. Also, without this enzyme, the processes they help would still occur, but would take much more time. They speed up the processing time, giving our body nutrients at a gradual pace.
Here’s a short video on how enzymes relate to digestion:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KrpTJ0yvt_o
http://www.esu.edu/~scady/londono/gelatinase.htm
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme I researched was gelatinase. Gelatinase can be be found in the mouth and this enzyme breaks down gelatin and collagen present in meat. Gelatinase is a catalyst because it speeds up the reaction to break down collagen. Why this enzyme is important is because it is responsible for the remodeling of tissue in our bodies. Though, like many enzymes, when not regulated gelatinase can cause harm to the human body and cause such things as, neurological conditions, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. But overall gelatinase is a beneficial enzyme.
Video for Extra Credit:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZD5xsOKres
http://www.eng.umd.edu/~nsw/ench485/lab14.htm
ReplyDeleteInvertase is an enzyme that increases the chemical reaction that breaks down sucrose, or table sugar. Through hydrolysis in the presence of the enzyme invertase, sucrose can be separated into glucose and fructose, monosaccharides that are much simpler to digest. Invertase is commonly used in confections, and often derived from yeast. It is sweeter than sucrose, and crystallizes faster. Many microorganisms can produce invertase and therefore use sucrose as a nutrient. The enzyme can be sold as a powder of clear liquid for candy making. It keeps baked goods moist for long periods of time.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myORDWVzNhc
Wow I find that really interesting how it can come in a powder for baking goods. It is also interesting how invertase is sweeter and crystallizes faster than sucrose, but I am more familiar with sucrose than invertase.
Deletehttp://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-diastase.htm
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme I chose to research was diastase. Found in milk, saliva, and plants, this enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates; it turns them into sugar, and makes them easier to digest. Diastase is very important because without it, we would not be able to fully digest the vegetables we eat. Along with aiding digestive problems, this enzyme benefits people looking to lose weight, along with those in the early stages of diabetes. Taking diastase as a supplement can also help anyone with acid reflux issues.
Another video I found about enzymes:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r1ryDVgx0zw
In reply to Mia..
DeleteYour enzyme seems to have a pretty big job at hand. I'm surprised that it takes so much to digest some vegetables that I would think just digest through stomach acid.
Wow, this really goes along with what we learned about last chapter. It also seems like this enzyme is very important to gaining energy for a living thing.
Delete
ReplyDeleteMy article;
http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/invertase/
Invertase break down sucrose, also known as table sugar. It splits the sucrose into glucose and fructose.When invertase is added to carbohydrates, it intensifies the digestion of starch, sugar, and other carbohydrates. Since glucose can be used as a fuel source for the body, the invertase being able to break the bond between glucose and fructose is very important. This enzyme can be found in honey, asparagus, and many other foods we consume every day. This enzyme is essential to help us digest sugar.
EC; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oVe8Y3ipVpc#t=94
In response to Emily:
DeleteI find this very interesting because the enzyme I researched, trypsin, is also used in digestion, but it is used in the digestion of proteins not carbohydrates. This makes me wonder how many enzymes actually exist that we know or even don't know about.
Phytase
ReplyDeletehttp://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/invertase/
The enzyme I chose was phytase. Phytase increases the availability of phosphorus in pig diets. It is found in many grains that pigs consume, so when they eat these foods, the enzyme is able to function. Phytate, a form of storage phosphorus, cannot be digested by pigs. In order to make the phytate digestible and give pigs the phosphorus necessary to their diet, they rely upon phytase to break it down. Without phytase, pigs would not be able to digest the phytate and gain the essential phosphorus. This indigestion would lead to a large portion of phosphorus being released as waste, due to the inability to digest it. Therefore, by breaking down the phytate inside the pig, it reduces the amount of phosphorus released as waste. Overall, phytase is an important enzyme that pigs rely on for their phosphorus supply.
Video about digestion and enzymes:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s06XzaKqELk
This must be an important enzyme considering that pigs need a certain amount of phosphorus to survive and with out pigs we wouldn't have bacon so thank you phytase.
DeleteIn reply to Emily:
ReplyDeleteThis must be a very important enzyme since we all eat so much sugar in our everyday diet. I wonder if it is possible for an enzyme to overwork itself. If we didn't have invertase, I bet we would all be in big trouble.
http://www.livestrong.com/article/277721-what-are-the-functions-of-trypsin/
ReplyDeleteTrypsin is an enzyme that helps efficiently digest protein. It’s found in the pancreas, and converts proteins into amino acids so that they could easily be taken into the body. There are also trypsin inhibitors which help with some functions. One inhibitor prevents the pancreas from self-digesting, while another can lower proteins nutritional value. Also, there are some cases of hereditary disorders that cause trypsin to not work properly. Results from this are tissue damage as well as pancreas self-digesting problems A special thing about this enzyme is its correlation with cancer. Although trypsin is supposed to function in the pancreas, it can be found in other places like a kidney, brain liver, and skin. It produces in high levels in cancerous tissue and is found in large amounts of tumors.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVOqY4GiVuw
In response to Hunter....
DeleteI thought your article was very interesting it was sort of similar to the one I chose because mine is also found in the pancreas. I thought it was also interesting when you said if people have hereditary disorders they can cause your trypsin not to work probably. Its sad that if you have some disorder it can mess up other things in your bod.
In response to Hunter:
DeleteI had an enzyme too relating to the pancreas. Although, the enzyme I had chosen was basically a substitute for pancreatic enzymes. The enzyme you had chosen was interesting as well because it was able to produce in high levels of the cancerous tissue and is found in large amounts of tumors. It is sad to think too like Michaela had said, having hereditary disorders can really mess up how properly things function in your body.
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/potm/2006_10/Page1.htm
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme that I chose to do was Cytochrome P450 and this enzyme is found in all domains in life (animals, humans, algae, and bacteria). This enzyme is designed to protect us from the toxicity in foods that we eat. Once the food is broken down and is absorbed by the small intestine it is then delivered to the liver and is then detoxified. This enzyme plays an important role because without this enzyme it would be difficult to digest the food, but most importantly our bodies wouldn't be healthy because we are containing toxin which can make us sick. This would be extremely bad for the digestion and without this enzyme we would most likely not be able to function.
Extra Credit:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24146381
Article:
ReplyDeletehttp://www.livestrong.com/article/277721-what-are-the-functions-of-trypsin/
I picked the enzyme trypsin. Trypsin is is found in the pancreas and is essential for protein digestion. Trypsin breaks down proteins in your food into smaller peptide bonds so your body can digest them. If you did not have trypsin in your pancreas your body would not be able to digest any proteins. Because the proteins would be too big to handle for your digestion system, and would never digest. Overall trypsin is important because it helps digest food that your body needs.
Extra Article:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTQybDgweiE
http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/maltase/
ReplyDeletehttp://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/cell2.htm
Maltase is a carbohydrate-digesting enzyme. It is made from two glucose molecules bonded together. It starts in the oral cavity where it works with other carbohydrate-digesting enzymes to break down starches and complex sugars into easily digestible pieces. Maltase is very important because these type of starches and sugars are present in the foods we eat daily. Essentially maltase breaks down maltose,(the two glucose molecules). Since it is Maltase’s only job to break down maltose it does it very quickly and efficiently. Maltase is crucial in our mouth and saliva. Maltase also has health benefits other than digestion like preventing chronic diarrhea. All in all maltase helps digestion function trouble-free.
Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdMVRL4oaUo
Website I collected information about catalase: https://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Catalase.html
ReplyDeleteCatalase is a common enzyme that is found in nearly all living organisms that are exposed to oxygen. This particular enzymes function is to catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. Catalase is an important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The optimum pH for human catalase is 7, yet for other catalases is varies from 4 to 11 depending on the species.
~Video for extra credit:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdMVRL4oaUo#t=131
Bromelain
ReplyDeletehttp://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-895-bromelain.aspx?activeingredientid=895&activeingredientname=bromelain
For my enzyme I chose Bromelain. This enzyme is commonly found in pineapple stems and pineapple juice. Along with many other food enzymes, Bromelain is a great source of antioxidants for our bodies. Bromelain causes the body to produce substances that reduce pain and inflammation. Many people use Bromelain supplements to reduce swelling after extensive exercise, surgeries, and if they are having trouble with bowel movement. This food enzyme is also very important because it contains chemicals that can reduce blood clots, tumor growth, body fat.
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdMVRL4oaUo
This is interesting as it teams with other food enzymes that also break down similar substances that can harm our bodies.
DeleteAfter watching the video I had looked up different kinds of liver enzymes and I had found AST enzymes and they are fascinating, they are found in red blood cells, liver, heart, muscle tissue, pancreas, and your kidneys. They are important because when your heart or liver is damaged AST is released into your bloodstream. Having high AST in your bloodstream can indicate tissue damage or a damaged organ. AST is an important test for your body, so if you were to have problems in your body, AST will help the doctors diagnose any problem in your body.
ReplyDeleteProteinase
ReplyDeletehttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/479818/proteolytic-enzyme
I chose to research proteinase. Proteinase works mostly in the small intestine. After food is done being digested in the stomach, by the pepsin enzyme, it moves on to the small intestine. Because most protein is not digested in the stomach, when it moves into the small intestine, proteinase takes over and works to break down the proteins. The proteinase breaks down the long protein chains into smaller proteins, and eventually into their single amino-acids.
Video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XuRfxIZSW8A
ReplyDeletehttp://www.livestrong.com/article/336678-list-of-proteolytic-enzymes/
The enzyme I chose was Chymotrypsin. This enzyme helps the liver separate or break down fats and proteins. The term for this is proteolysis (breaking down proteins and polypeptides). Chymotrypsin has also been known to have helped patients with certain types of cancers like pancreatic because Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic enzyme. The enzyme is found in the digestive system specifically the intestines. This enzyme is very important because without it the intestines would be full of bigger fat and protein molecules that are supposed to be broken down to polypeptides and then amino acids. If this didn’t happen, the intestines could get blocked and the digestive system wouldn’t function properly.
Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrKgjbqZTwU
I think that its very intersting how important enzyme are to are body and people do not discuss a lot. I think its important to know what is helping our body function and make it
Deleterun everyday
http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/maltase/
ReplyDeleteI chose the enzyme Maltase. This enzyme is found in plants, bacteria and yeast in humans and other vertebrates. Maltase digests disaccharides to monsaccharides. Maltase is important because it is the most important enzyme in the digestive process. It works with other enzymes to break down starches and complex sugars into simpler, more-digestible pieces. Maltase breaks down the disaccharide maltose into two glucose molecules, which are easily burned by the body for energy. Maltase is also the key enzyme in our mouth and saliva. Without this enzyme, our small intestine would have an extremely hard time breaking down sugars and starches. This enzyme helps our digestive system function smoothly.
Here's a cool video on enzymes:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E90D4BmaVJM
Maltase sounds a lot like amylase. They're both important when it comes to breaking down a certain material.
DeleteIn reply to Mia:
ReplyDeleteYour explanation of distaste was very interesting. It reminded me of the enzyme I researched, Maltase. Both enzymes are both very important when it comes to digestion.
Pectinase
ReplyDeletehttp://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/database/enzymes/92.pectinase.html
The enzyme pectinase breaks down pectins, which are in fruits like bananas and apples. Pectinase is typically found in the digestive system in people. It is very important for people because it is not just crucial in digestion but also in the physical well-being of our bodies. The fruit and fruit juice we digest is it’s main job but it is also used by scientists. With new gene technology it can be produced to make medicine for people and animals that require it for their well being if they have trouble breaking apart pectins.
Extra Credit: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTQybDgweiE
http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Kinetics/Case_Studies%3A_Kinetics/Chymotrypsin_II
ReplyDeleteI chose the enzyme chymotrypsin. Chymotrypsin is one of the most studied enzymes because of its two kinetic states. This unique enzyme operates through the ping pong mechanism. Chymotrypsin converts proteins into aromatic amino acids in the pancreas. It is dependent on another enzyme for activation in the pancreas.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ok9esggzN18
I find it interesting that this is one of the most studied enzymes. I wonder if there are any other enzymes that operate the same way.
Deletehttp://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/invertase/
ReplyDeleteInvartase is an important enzyme in the digestion of complex sugars into blood sugars. Its function is to break down sucrose in to glucose and fructose. Invartase is found in bee pollen and yeast sources. Ivartase is important because gives a lot of benefits to our health such as boosting the immune system, protect the body from stomach ulcer and is a poison to many harmful organisms. Without invertase our bodies would not be able to quickly digest sugar.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r1ryDVgx0zw
In response in Josie:
DeleteThe enzyme I studied also digested sucrose, glucose and fructose. I thought it was interesting that Invertase also boosted our immune system and because it does I am guessing it must be pretty important.
I have heard the term before, but I had no clue what it did though. I think it's interesting that it is found in bee pollen and yeast sources. It has a very important role in your body.
DeleteThe enzyme I chose was Maltase. This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of the maltose. The sugar maltose is made from two glucose molecules (disaccharide) which are bonded together and converts maltose into glucose. The enzyme maltase is shaped in such a way that it can break the bond and free the two glucose pieces, which occurs to the simple sugar, glucose. Maltase is found in plants, bacteria and yeast. The primary duty maltase has is to break maltose molecules. The breaking down of maltose happens very rapidly and efficiently. This process is what makes this enzyme so important, as it has only one continuous job. During digestion, starch is transformed into maltose, which is done by the pancreatic or salivary enzymes. This process is called amylases. The glucose produced during this process is either utilized by the body or stored in the liver as glycogen.
ReplyDeleteBelow is an attachment that helped show the process of hydrolysis of glucose to create maltose.
URL: http://www.showme.com/sh/?h=SWMFAjA
"Rubisco"
ReplyDeletehttp://www.bio-catalyst.com/most-important-enzyme-in-the-world/
Rubsico (aka ribulose-1, 5-bisphophate carboxylase/oxygenase or RuBisCO) is the most abundant protein in the world. It is present in every organism that experiences photosythesis, from tiny plankton to giant sequoia trees. This enzyme is responsible for carbon fixation, an extremely important process without which life on earth would not exist. During carbon fixation, carbon dioxide combines with ribulose bisphosphate, and Rubisco acts as a catalyst in this reaction. However, although Rubisco is undeniably important, it is also very inefficient, and has barely adapted over thousands of years.
VIDEO ~ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=smtCH5HX44o
My enzyme i8s the complete opposite of yours, as mine is not known and usually overlooked but it is drastically important and is in every tear a human produces.
Deletehttp://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/edible-innovations/pineapple-enzyme-tenderize-steak1.htm
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme I choose was Bromelain. This enzyme separates amino acids and breaks apart peptide bonds and causes proteins to turn to mush, with enough time. This enzyme is mainly found in pineapple, especially the core. This enzyme isn’t drastically important, but it is a huge help in tenderizing meat! If Bromelain is left on meat too long, like I said before it will turn it to mush, but if it is on for the right amount of time it can make the meat easy to chew, but keep the flavor. But that’s not all, even though Bromelain is most famous for it’s tenderizing abilities, it is also able to help treat inflammation, blood clots, indigestion and, swelling. And that is the enzyme Bromelain
http://www.enzymestuff.com/enzymefunction.htm (This is where I found the name and general purpose of my enzyme, then I further researched it)
ReplyDeleteI researched the enzyme sucrase. Sucrase works to catalyze hydrolysis of sucrose, also known as table sugar. This reaction occurs in the small intestine. When sucrose is hydrolyzed, it forms smaller monomers called fructose and glucose. If there is a lack of sucrase, an intolerance of sucrose will develop and other sugars will have to be substituted for it.
I found a great animation on where sucrase is found and how it breaks disaccharides into monosaccharides: http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter25/animation__enzyme_action_and_the_hydrolysis_of_sucrose.html
This is really important because all of our food would taste so bland without sugar to add to it! Thank you sucrase for existing! It's a;leo interesting how this process works too.
DeleteI found that the video you linked is very helpful in understanding the enzyme. It was very clear and taught me a lot more about the enzyme.
DeleteI really liked your animation! It was so cool you found that.
DeleteIn reply to Maria:
ReplyDeleteI think the enzyme you chose was very interesting. It reminds me of my enzyme, Pectinase which is found in fruits. They both must be very important in our bodies since we eat so much fruit and fruit juices. I wonder if the two enzymes ever work together to break down fruits we eat.
http://www.betternutrition.com/enzyematichealth/
ReplyDeleteI choose Alpha galactosidase which helps you digest carbohydrates in legumes that cause flatulence. This enzyme is found in the slavica. It is important because it helps us digest foods like greens and carbohydrate foods that cause gassiness and bloating and this enzyme halts us from feeling discomfort. And thanks to this enzyme we don't feel as bad when we eat food that makes us feel bad to our stomachs.
http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/alpha-galactosidase/
In response to Trevor Schopel, wow, I would have never thought a single enzyme could do so much for our body and the study of our bodies.
ReplyDeleteSucrase:
ReplyDeletehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdMVRL4oaUo
I picked the enzyme sucrase. Sucrase is an enzyme that mostly digests sucrose but sometimes it can digest other disaccharides such as fructose and glucose. The enzyme is found in the intestinal tract where it breaks down the sugars. Without this enzyme people would have difficulty digesting sugars. Congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency is a disorder that affects a person's ability to digest certain sugars because they don’t have the correct enzymes such as sucrase to digest the sugars. When the sucrase enzyme and the substrate (sucrose) connect at the active site it puts stress on the bond holding the sucrose molecule together. This then causes the sucrose molecule to break apart and form to separate molecules glucose and fructose. All in all, without the help of sucrase we would have a lot of trouble digesting sugars today.
http://www.enzymestuff.com/enzymefunction.htm
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme that I picked is cellulase. Cellulase breaks down cellulose and converts cellulose into glucose or a disaccharide. It is not found in humans, but in plants. It is important because most animals can’t digest cellulose, because it is so hard to break down. Cellulase helps that struggle for animals.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_ligase
ReplyDeleteI chose the enzyme DNA Ligase. This enzyme speeds up the joining of two DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond. Also the DNA Ligase from bacteriophage T4 is most commonly used in Lab reserch. It has become an indispensable tool used in modern molecular technology. Usually used in research for generating recombinant DNA sequences such as molecular cloning. The enzyme is most active at 37°C which is vital to experimenting with it in DNA purposes.
Carboxypeptidase
ReplyDeleteFound at: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/list-of-digestive-enzymes.html
Researched At: http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/572carboxypeptidase.html
The enzyme I have selected is a Carboxypeptidase. Carboxypeptidases are enzymes that seperates peptide bonds at proteins. According to the article, the Carboxypeptidase is synthesized in the pancreas, and "secreted" in the small intestine. It is significant because it breaks down protein into amino acids, which are important for the growth in our body, especially in younger children.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papain
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme I picked is Papain. Papain is extracted from the papaya fruit. It is a powerful digestive enzyme that is able to break down larger proteins into smaller ones. This enzyme is also important in protecting the body from cellular damage. Plus it is used in some toothpaste and tooth whitener. It also contains 345 amino acid residues. Papain is also a heat resistant enzyme. That has an optimal range of 60-70 degrees Celsius.
http://www.worthington-biochem.com/chy/default.html
ReplyDeleteI choose to write about a enzyme called chymotrypsin is like other enzymes that digest proteins. More specifically it performs hydrolysis on the C-terminus of the aromatic amino acids of other proteins. This amazing enzyme found in the pancreas. This enzyme is helpful to identify Sequence analysis, Peptide synthesis, Peptide mapping, and Peptide fingerprinting. In english that means it helps us digest proteins through peptide and hydrolysis
http://www.pancan.org/section-facing-pancreatic-cancer/learn-about-pan-cancer/diet-and-nutrition/pancreatic-enzymes/
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme I chose is protease. Protease is a digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins found in meats, nuts, eggs, and cheese, that is found in the pancreas. Not only does this enzyme break down proteins, it also keeps the pancreas free of parasites. Without this protease, our intestines would have a high risk of infection.
I choose maltase.
ReplyDeleteThis is my article: http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/Digestion-Chemistry/Looking-Closer/Digestive-enzymes
http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/maltase/
Maltase is a digestive enzyme. It helps break down maltose, to create glucose for your body to use as energy. Maltase works with other carbohydrate-digesting enzymes to break down maltose and other complex sugars for your body. Maltase is found in plants, bacteria, yeast, and humans. It is thought to be made by cells of the mucous membrane lining our digestive systems. Maltose, what the enzyme maltase breaks down, is formed from the breakdown of starches. It is can be made by the heating of sugar during various cooking processes, specifically during caramelization.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=deFQhPurj-k
Blog #7: Enzymes
ReplyDeletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invertase
After doing a little bit of searching online, I eventually came across the invertase enzyme, which seemed to have my interest. The function, or work, of the invertase enzyme is basically the breaking down of sucrose, or table sugar. Also, the invertase enzyme interestingly has several health benefits along with it. Some of the several health benefits would include antioxidant support (powerful agent against harmful organisms), ulcers (helps reduce stomach toxicity), and cancer support. Some research in Australia shows that the enzymes in honey helped support patients with advanced cases of both bone and stomach cancer. These are just a few of the benefits of invertase enzymes. Lastly, the location of invertase can be in the yeast cell.
http://altmedicine.about.com/cs/herbsvitaminsa1/a/Bromelain.htm
ReplyDeleteBromelain is a mixture of enzymes commonly found in pineapples. The enzyme can usually be found in the stem or juice and it is believed to help with the digestion of protein. Enzymes that are able to help with the digestion of protein are known as proteolytic enzymes. There is also evidence of bromelain supplements being used to reduce swelling and inflammation after injuries or surgery. Bromelain has also been explored as a complementary treatment for cancer but it not proven as effective nor should it be replaced by conventional cancer treatment. Like many other enzymes, bromelain has many uses.
http://nutrition.about.com/od/Nutrition-Glossary-E-H/g/Gastric-Lipase.htm
ReplyDeleteI decided to research Gastric Lipase, an enzyme that breaks down lipids and are located within your stomach acid. It breaks down short to medium sized lipids and is responsible for about 20 percent of digestion within the stomach. It is especially useful for babies as the milk they drink is digested by this specific enzyme. The lipids broken down are now its original monomers, the fatty acids and glycerol. Gastric Lipase, while it is located in the stomach acid, required no bile presence to be present for its reaction to occur.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryptophan_hydroxylase
ReplyDeleteTryptophan hydroxylase is an enzyme that deals with serotonin, which is a chemical in the brain that causes you to feel happy and sad. The enzyme is very important because it controls personality traits and serotonin levels. Antidepressants have been found to activate this enzyme so that it sends more serotonin to the brain when needed. Even though tryptophan hydroxylase deals with the brain, it is not found in the brain, which is strange because it deals with personality traits and personality issues such as Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Little is known about this, but it is clear that our brains need it to function.
http://www.med.nyu.edu/content?ChunkIID=21671
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme I chose was Protease. Protease's help you digest the Proteins in food. It is found in our pancreas and in certain foods such as papaya and pineapple. They are important because the are used as a digestive aid for people who have trouble digesting proteins, but also may be absorbed internally to reduce pain or inflammation
Glucoamylase is the enzyme I chose. It can be found in the pancreas or the mouth. Glucoamylase removes free glucose molecules. It breaks down starches into glucose which is digestible and usable in the human body. Glucoamylase helps out our digestive system by reducing the chance of having gas, bloating, and many other things. One amazing thing this enzyme does is help reduce food allergies. Another cool thing that the enzyme does is help balance blood sugar in mice. Who knew? Glucoamylase is very important for many things.
ReplyDeletehttp://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/glucoamylase/
http://www.med.nyu.edu/content?ChunkIID=21671
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme I chose was Protease. Protease's help you digest the Proteins in food. It is found in our pancreas and in certain foods such as papaya and pineapple. They are important because the are used as a digestive aid for people who have trouble digesting proteins, but also may be absorbed internally to reduce pain or inflammation
http://www.livestrong.com/article/277721-what-are-the-functions-of-trypsin/
ReplyDeleteI chose trypsin as my enzyme. Trypsin can be found in the pancreas, and is very important in the digestion of proteins. If trypsin starts producing somewhere other than the pancreas, cancer can be formed. Trypsin actually activates other digestive enzymes. It breaks down food into smaller pieces which helps other enzymes complete their jobs. Ultimately, trypsin is very important during digestion.
I think it was very interesting how with gene tech. we can produce medicine to help people who cant break apart pectin's, it shows how important enzymes are for everything
ReplyDeleteGlucoamylase: http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/glucoamylase/
ReplyDeleteGlucoamylase is a type of enzyme that breaks down starch in our salvia similar to amylase, but both are different because each enzyme carries a specific role. Glucoamylase removes “ free glucose molecules from the end of the starchy chains rather than simply breaking these longer chains simply into smaller chains”. Glucoamylase is important to us because it breaks down the scratches we eat and turns it into glucose which absorbable and reusable. This is so important because it helps our digestive system.
Lysozyme
ReplyDeletehttp://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-lysozyme.htm
For my enzyme, I chose lysozyme. It is an enzyme/protein that is found in mainly tears and saliva. Its job is to protect the eyes and mouth from harmful bacteria invasions; this means that it prevents many illnesses and diseases. The enzyme is considered part of the immune system and it is also found in human milk. This is how the enzyme is passed on to children and becomes part of their immune systems. In addition, lysozyme was the first antibacterial substance discovered. Overall, lysozyme is a very vital and helpful enzyme for humans and animals.
http://www.enzymestuff.com/enzymefunction.htm
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme i chose to do was xylanase. This enzyme breaks down xylan sugars. xylan sugars are usually found in plant cell walls and have to do with photosynthesis. Xylan sugars work well with grains such as corn. Xylanases are produced by fungi, bacteria, yeast, marine algae, protozoans, snails, crustaceans, insect, and seeds. Xylanase is important because it’s used to make paper products and also used as food additives to poultry. It’ also important to herbivores because xylanase is in plants and turns into usable nutrients.
In response to Rachel Grochowski’s post, I thought it was interesting how Invertase crystallizes faster and the importance of this enzyme to break down sugar. As I learned, breaking down sugar is very necessary to our bodies. I also recognized hydrolysis, how it is used in Invertase to add water and make the molecule split.
ReplyDelete
ReplyDeletehttp://www.rcsb.org/pdb/101/motm.do?momID=9
The enzyme Lysozyme is very important because, they attack bacterial cell walls. It can be found in tears, saliva, and egg whites. It destroys bacteria by breaking through their bonds and bursting the cell from the inside. Without these little soldiers the we would be completely prone to any bacterial infection. I think this is why we cry when something gets in our eye because the enzymes are making sure theres no bacteria to infect us. This is a very important cell that is usually overlooked.
I chose the enzyme urea, which speeds up metabolism, and the reaction of hydrolysis which produces ammonia and carbon dioxide. The enzyme, urea, tends to raise the pH of its environment and can be found in foods like soybeans and can also be found in various bacteria.I thought it was interesting to know that this enzyme, when in plants, actually has many qualities that can classify it as an insecticide. I used the site http://www.scienceinschool.org/print/607 for my response.
ReplyDeleteI think that this enzyme is really important that we know. It is really interesting that we have enzymes for almost everything in our body, yet we never knew it. I think that urea could be really interesting to research in the future.
Deletehttp://www.biology-online.org/articles/obscure_enzyme_may_play.html
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme I chose was Paraoxonase. This enzyme breaks down unneeded fats in our arteries, preventing heart disease. There is a inverse relationship between activity of Paranoxonase and the risk of heart disease. So, as this gets more active you will be at a much lower risk of heat disease.
http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/database/enzymes/82.cellulase.html
ReplyDeleteCellulase is an enzyme that contributes to the enzymatic splitting of cellulose. Cellulose is the most widespread organic compound in terms of quantity. Cellulase in combination with amylase,gluanase, etc. produce many fruit juice related beverages. Other uses for cellulase are that they are good cleaning agents. It also plays a role in the production of wine by combining with other enzymes to get rid of any unwanted substances such as tannin or aromas from grape skins.
My article:
ReplyDeletehttp://www.enzymestuff.com/enzymefunction.htm
For my enzyme I chose pancrelipase. Pancrelipase is an animal derived enzyme. It breaks down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Pancrelipase helps us digest these nutrients. It’s used to replace these enzymes (protein, fat, and carbohydrates) when the body does not have enough of its own. This is important because it means that there is a substitute for when our pancreatic enzymes are not working properly. Pancrelipase can also be used to surgically remove the pancreas. Without this enzyme, we would not be able to digest our foods if we had pancreas problems.
I found a video on how enzymes are used to break down substrates:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ok9esggzN18
Catalase
ReplyDeletehttp://www.bioblast.at/index.php/Catalase
The enzyme that I chose to do was catalase. Catalase catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in to water and oxygen. It is a common enzyme found in many organisms. Catalase is important because it protects cell walls from oxidative damage, because of this is it has one of the highest turnover numbers and can convert millions of H2O2 molecules each second.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiaminase
ReplyDeleteI picked Thiaminase as my enzyme. They split Thiamin and are found in a few plants and the raw flesh of fish and shellfish. They also effect humans ingestion. It is important because it helps us digest seafood and plants.
http://digestiveenzymesstore.com/list-of-digestive-enzymes-and-functions/
ReplyDeleteI chose a small intestine enzyme name Lactase. Lactase is primarily a digestive enzyme that is produced by specialized cells that line the small intestine. These cells absorb nutrients within your digestive tract. Lactase is located in general, your digestive track, to be specific your small intestine usually. Lactase is important in our body because it helps us be able to digest dairy products. People who are lactose tolerant meaning their body doesn't make enough lactase which splits apart milk sugars.
Heres a fun video to watch on enzymeshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MpcnkBE6FS0
In response to Liam:
ReplyDeleteI thought your enzyme Cytochrome P450 is very interesting because of how it is included in all domains of life and just like you said, without this enzyme are body would end up to being very toxic and our body would get affected very negatively in many ways.
Carbonic anhydrase
ReplyDeletehttp://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/E/Enzymes.html
Carbonic anhydrase is found in red blood cells. Since they found this enzyme it has also been found to be abundant in all mammalian tissues, plants, algae and bacteria It lets the red blood cells transport carbon dioxide from the tissue of the lungs. I think that this enzyme was a very important find, because without knowing that we had it we would have never been able to know how carbon dioxide gets transferred through our body.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylase
ReplyDeleteThe enzyme that I picked is Amylase. This enzyme, " catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars". So basically, Amylase is an enzyme that's in our saliva and helps turn starches into sugars. This is a very important job, because our body relies on sugars as one source of energy, and the faster they are available, the better.
In reply of matt, I agree of the facts he stated. He also did a good job explaining how amylase has to do with us humans and were it is located.
DeleteIn response to Kendall,
ReplyDeleteI can see how this enzyme is important. Without it, it would be much harder for herbivores to get the sugars that they rely on.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helicase and http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/helicase-307, on the second link is a video.
ReplyDeleteI researched the enzyme DNA helicase, an enzyme that has nothing to do with what we are researching.DNA helicase is located in cells. DNA helicase is important in DNA replication, DNA helicase unwinds double strand DNA into single strand DNA, to be copied.
~Phytase
ReplyDeleteAfter watching the video I decided to do the enzyme phytase. This enzyme is a type of enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phytic acid an indigestible, organic form of phosphorus that is found in grains and oil seeds and releases a usable form of inorganic phosphorus. This enzyme helps us digest things that are crucial to our bodies like the ones mentioned earlier.
In response to Matt~
ReplyDeleteWe learned about this one in class! The little nemonic device Mrs. Mazzuca gave us about her sister is a really helpful tool. I'm gad we posses this enzyme because without it everything probably wouldn't taste as good.
Cellulase http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/cellulase/
ReplyDeleteCellulase is found the cell walls of plants and humans do not manufacture the enzyme that breaks down this fiber. This is useful to humans because cellulase turns cellulose into glucose which is found in human blood sugar. Blood sugar or glucose is an important ingredient to energy. This is important to humans because with glucose is used as energy but too much intake gets converted into body fats. Enzymes are very specific and only have one job, that is why all enzymes including cellulase, are very important. no other enzyme can do what cellulase does.
ReplyDeleteAMYLASE
http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/functions-amylase-protease-lipase-digestive-enzymes-3325.html
The enzyme I picked was amylase this enzyme breaks down carbohydrates, starch, and sugars which are prevalent in potatoes, vegetables, and many other snack foods. Amylase is found in your salivary glands in your mouth which makes up salivary amylase. Its important it breaks down starch when you chew food. another place where amylase is, is in your pancreas there called pancreatic amylase. In pancreatic amylase its important because it helps digest carbohydrates.
http://academic.pgcc.edu/~ssinex/blt/enzymes/enzymes.htm
ReplyDeleteInvertase breaks down sugar. It is located in the membrane of a cell lining the inner walls of the small intestine. It is important in our body because it cleaves the bond between glucose and
fructose making the monosaccharides that can be utilized in cellular respiration.
http://www.enzymeessentials.com/HTML/protease.html
ReplyDeleteFor my enzyme, I chose protease because I found it one of the most interesting and helpful enzymes. The function of protease is to break down protein found in meats, nuts, eggs, and cheese. Every animal and human needs a certain amount of protein in their diet to grow and develop.Protease is able to hydrolyze almost all proteins as long as they are not components of living cells. Normal living cells are protected against lysis by the inhibitor mechanism. The reason why I also chose this enzyme is because I eat a lot of protein. Every day I do intense workouts that require tons of protein in my diet. And every day I have tons of meat and nuts for lunch, II have a protein shake after my workouts, and i love making eggs all the time. So for me, protease is my best friend because it helps repair all the muscle tissue that was torn in my workouts so they can grow and develop.